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World map showing location of Japan Physical map showing the four Japanese home islands of Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku
and Kyushu; the Ryukyu island chain and the northern half of the island of Okinawa. -------------------- Portugese 1543, Dutch 1600, Sakoku 1618, Commodore Perry 1853
. . .
The Shogunate 700-year-Shogunate (Warlords rule Japan) Kamakura shogunate (1192 - 1333)
------------
Edo (Tokyo) Period Tokugawa Shogunate 1603 - 1867
Japan Memoires of a Secret Empire 3-part 2004 PBS documentary from the Empires series about the Tokugawa Shogunate "For 250 years (ca. 1600 -1867), Japan was closed to the Western world,
ruled by a Shogun with absolute power and control." (PBS) All three episodes
on one clip: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OLs3bmriUvY
Episode 1. The Way of the Samurai (Warlord) "One warlord, Tokugawa
Ieyasu, unified Japan and established a dynasty that ruled Japan for 250 years." (PBS) Timeline (PBS) 1543—Birth of Tokugawa Ieyasu https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VmJwBV_iJRQ&=&feature=relmfu or
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9l-xmIokFgg
Episode 2: The Will of the Shogun (Military dictator) "The
grandson of Ieyasu, Tokugawa Iemitsu, tightened control over the warlords and expelled all foreigners."
(PBS) Japan
closed to foreigners from 1641 - 1853 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VmJwBV_iJRQ&feature=relmfu or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m-BRpS8X-X0 For
episode 3 see below
--------------------- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f-KaHiM9vGw
------------------ Discussion on the weekly
Thursday BBC radio programme In Our Time hosted by Melvyn Bragg With guests Nicola Liscutin,
Gregory Irvine and Angus Lockyer 24 December 2007 BBC:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/b00pcm9f/In_Our_Time_The_Samurai/ You
Tube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MC_L4lpKDTs Japan's
Sakoku Period Discussion
on the weekly Thursday BBC radio programme In Our Time hosted by Melvyn Bragg With guests Richard Bowring, Andrew Cobbing and Rebekah
Clements 4
April 2013 http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/b01rlptf/In_Our_Time_Japans_Sakoku_Period/
Shinto
Discussion on the weekly
Thursday BBC radio programme In Our Time hosted by Melvyn Bragg With guests Martin Palmer,
Richard Bowring and Lucia Dolce 22 September 2011 BBC:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b014qnld You
Tube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGqDpLdoWaM Shinto
1998 episode from the documentary series Religions of the World Advertisement https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pu5PZJGXFbU 4 clips Removed 1.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ajk6mtuYfuE 2.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ET91wXsDNk 3.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LlWat7DE2Bw 4.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Gto9c7gxUE
List of Chinese Concessions since
1842 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concessions_in_China List of Chinese Treaty Ports https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Chinese_treaty_ports ------------------
Commodore
Matthew C. Perry (1794 - 1858) visited Edo (Tokyo) Bay
in 1853 and
1854 Perry demanded Japan
open to foreign trade. Perry returned in
1854 to ensure that his demands were met. The result was the Convention of Kanagawa, an agreement to open Japan to trade.
Lithograph
by Wilhelm Heine (1855/1856) of Perry's visit to Japan in 1854. Perry returned
with ten ships on his second visit to
Japan. Photograph of Commodore
Matthew Perry’s flagship, the steam frigate U.S.S. Susquehanna, on Perry's second visit to Japan, in 1854.
A Japanese woodcut of Commodore Matthew
Perry’s flagship, the steam frigate U.S.S. Susquehanna.
The
Return of the Barbarians (Foreigners) Episode
3 of the documentary series Japan - Memoires of a Secret Empire (For episodes 1 and 2, see above) "Isolated from the west, Edo (Tokyo) in the 18th century (1700s) flourished culturally and economically
and became one of the liveliest cities in the world. But, eventually, foreign forces returned."
(PBS) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xPFKIIBTOts&feature=context-shows&list=SL or The Alien Barbarians A short documentary (13
min.)
From Youth
to Maturity Part 2 of the documentry series The History of U. S. Foreign
Relations produced by the U. S. State Department in 1972 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wkXHHl0vR9c Commodore Perry Centennial at Perry Park and Black Ship festival in Kurihama 1954 Silent film footage https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yo3AWJtX7Xc and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1DreUSqhQOk 2010 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ityOuify_Xg
The Anglo-Japanese Friendship Treaty 1854 Six months after Commodore Perry's visit and the Convention of Kanagawa, the British obtained access to the ports of Nagasaki (in Kyushu) and Hakodate (in Hokkaido) and gained "most-favoured nation" status from Japan.
-----------------
Second
Opium War 1854 – 1860 The British made further demands. They were joined by the French. Treaty
of Tientsin 1856
11 more ports opened to foreign trade Britain, France,
Russia and U. S. allowed diplomatic legations in Peking
Russian border extended southward
Yangtze River opened to foreign ships
Convention
of Peking 1860 Kowloon ceded to Britain Tientsin
opened to trade Opium
trade legalised Coastal
region of Manchuria ceded to Russia
The
Opium Wars It's History
with Indy Neidell (2015) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kd2CYPdYwcY Manchuria, homeland of the Manchus, the ruling Ching Dynasty of China since 1644, fell under increasing
influence and domination of the Russians in the 1800s. By
1860 the Russians took northern Manchuria (called Outer Manchuria) and the northern half of southern Manchuria (called Inner
Manchuria) from China.
Japan Meiji
Period/Restoration 1868 - 1945 Japan reopened to the west and
imperial rule restored
Imperial Japan from 1868 - 1945 Animated map video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Dk0nA5JCZE
Imperial Japanese Army war flag (1870–1945) Imperial
Japanese Naval ensign (1889 - 1945)
Imperial
Japanese Anthem (Instrumental) 1868 -
1945 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XacJRjY_I9Y with lyrics (and English sub-titles) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=29FFHC2D12Q The
Meiji Revolution Documentary (57:52) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIiCsR9rZS8 or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gURiHVTJX4A ----------------------
In
1875, Japan forced Korea to open to foreign trade and declare independence from China. In
1884, pro-Japanese Koreans tried to take over Korea. Chinese troops intervened. China and Japan agreed to withdraw troops. 1894
- 1895 In
response to a revolt in Korea in 1894, both China and Japan sent troops to help end it. Afterward, Japan refused to leave
and persuaded the Koreans to break further with China. War between Japan
and China followed. China was defeated and forced to give up Formosa (Taiwan), the Liaotung Peninsula and the Pescadores to the Japanese. Korea was
to remain independent. China was forced also to open its ports. The
Russians, French and Germans forced Japan ro return the Liaotung Peninsula to China.
The
Rise of Japan and the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894-95 Lecture by Peter Smith, Mahidol University, Bangkok, March 2013 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DnBT_etFF7Q
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=og5svzyrvag
Undoing/Redoing Modern Sino-Japanese Cultural and Intellectual History The Great Reversal The "Rise of Japan" and the "Fall of China" after 1895 as Historical
Fables Lecture by Benjamin Elman of Princeton U., # 1 of the 3 annual Edwin
O. Reischauer Lectures, John K. Fairbank Center for Chinese Studies, Harvard U., 2011 Go to (begin at) the 7:30 mark: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pn4rI6JqSI4 Japanese
Annex Formosa 1895 In 1898, Russia pressed China to lease a natural ice-free deep-water port at the tip of the Liaotung Peninsula, Port
Arthur. The Russians garrisoned the port.
Russo-Japanese
War 1904 - 1905 Map of Japanese attacks in Russo-Japanese War (1904 - 1905) (Source: SAC website)
The Russo-Japanese War: Conflict in the Far East Video by a blogger https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6l8--S_cCWo&feature=related
The
Siege of Port Arthur and the Battle of Tsushima 1904
- 1905 The
Russian Pacific naval fleet was based in two ports - Vladivostok and Port Arthur. The
Japanese attacked the Russians on the Laiotung Peninsula in 1904. They blockaded Port Arthur and eventually destroyed much
of the Russian fleet. 203
Kochi (203-meter Hill) (Port Arthur) Japanese
movie (1980) Removed from You Tube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9n5kv8GLHKA In October 1904, the
Russians dispatched their Baltic Fleet to the Pacific. It sailed for Vladivostok. Port Arthur surrendered
to the Japanese in January 1905. In May 1905, the Japanese navy ambushed and sank almost the entire
Russian Baltic fleet on its way through the Straight of Tsushima. The Battle of Tsushima Episode from the documentary series History's Turning Points https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zk7elGUztXg
1905 Tsushima
Japan
took also the southern half of Sakhalin Island. The
Japanese occupied Korea in 1905 and annexed it in 1910. By 1919 Japan was the dominating influence in Inner Manchuria.
Japanese
take Korea 1905/1910 Korean History
- Japanese Occupation Period A video blog https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c7WJEN6vUlk
Japan
in Colour Episode from the BBC documentary series
The Wonderful World of Albert Kahn https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EIjd_pFPlV4
--------------------- Revolution in China Ching (Manchu) Dynasty in China (1636 - 1912) overthrown 1912 End of Manchu rule
in China The Last Manchu Henry Pu-yi (1906 - 1967), the last emperor
of China (1908 - 1912). Photo of Pu-yi at age three.
Sun Yat-sen, nationalist leader in China China in 1914
----------------------- The
Great War 1914 - 1918 In the Pacific
The Great War in the Pacific Japan with the Allies against the Central Powers German map of European and Japanese colonial possessions in Asia and the Pacific in 1913, before the Great War
(1914 - 1918) Battle of Tsingtao 27 August - 7 November 1914
Map of China
with the German colony of Tsingtao highlighted. On 15 August 1914, the Japanese demanded that German naval ships leave the
German port of Tsingtao and turn it over to the Japanese. On 23 August, Japan declared war on Germany. On 27 August, Japanese ships and infantry, backed by British ships, blockaded
the port and fighting began. On 31 October, the Japanese began bombarding the port. On 7 November, the Germans surrendered. On 16 November, the Japanese and the British took the port.
Map of the Tsingtao battle area The
Ally from the Far East Japan in the Great War A talk by Indiana Neidell from the series The Great War https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WG_SzUVNo8I Japan
was allied to Britain and the British Commonwealth nations of Australia and New Zealand in the Great War (1914 - 1918). The four countries divided German
possessions in the Pacific after Germany's defeat in the Pacific in 1914. Japan took the German territories of the nothern Mariana Islands,
the Caroline Islands and the Marshall Islands in 1914. The Treaty of Versailles of 1919 gave all of the
German territories north of the equator - Marshall Islands, Caroline Islands, northern Mariana Islands,
and Palau Islands - and Tsingtao in China to Japan. The
treaty gave all German territories south of the equator to Britain, Australia and New Zealand. New Zealand got also German Samoa. Australia got northeastern Papua, the Bismarck Archipelago,
the northern Solomon Islands and the island of Nauru.
1920 map of German territorial losses in Africa, Asia and the Pacific with
the Great War. German possessions in the Pacific taken by the Japanese are circled in ochre. Japan seized the islands in 1914. The Causes and Immediate Effects of the Great
War 1940 American documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ae6NrGZCt10 ------------------
Sun Yat-sen and wife, Soong Ching-ling,
in October 1915 wedding photo in Japan. Korea under Japanese rule 1931 Travel film https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w4fdhAz0VSw&feature=related
---------------------
Manchuria Japanese invasion of Manchuria 18
September 1931 Many maintain that the Second World War
began in Asia and the Pacific - in Manchuria - in 1931, and ended in Manchuria,
in 1945. Japan invaded Manchuria in September 1931, occupied it and created a puppet-state
of Manchukuo. The Soviets invaded Manchuria in August 1945, expelled the occupying Japanese, and returned it to China (Chinese
communists in the north) in May 1946.
Map shows Japan and the territory it controlled - Korea
and Formosa (Taiwan) - in
1928, and Manchuria, which Japan invaded in 1931. The Road to War Excerpt from a documentary with a brief description of Japan's aggression in Manchuria https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5D9VZH5Fi_4 The League of Nations and the Manchurian Dispute British
documentary (1991) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v4HKaTmDip8 Japanese Invasion of Manchuria Excerpt from a documentary
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t_aZWY2Pm3g
Battle for China Part 7 of 8 of the documentary series Why We Fight https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0_ztNmV8occ
Manchurian Crisis A talk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N7CpsfyNZvw
Kanji Ishiwara L'homme qui déclencha la guerre Documentaire (2012) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DLleDbG9z2g The
Japanese declared Manchuria an independent country in 1932 and called it Manchukuo.
The capital was Changchun (Hsinking).
Henry Pu Yi was installed
by the Japanese as emperor of Manchukuo in 1932. Manchukuo People Hail Their Emperor British Movietone News https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4mF3ONxh8jY Pu Yi Proceeds To His Enthronement British Movietone https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaCWAs-YqzA L'imperatore Pu Yi è asceso al trono
nel Manchoukuo Hsinking
(Manciuria) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dw-ntrN5UiY Sound film footage of enthronement https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-7gzqNi22jQ Henry Pu Yi Ascends the Throne of
Manchukuo in Ancient Ceremony Universal Newspaper Newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9UyZip1nGE Ex-Emperor of China Appointed Regent
of New Oriental State Changchun, Manchuria Universal Newspaper Newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=chHQvUl216U An Unique Meeting of Two Emperors
On Japanese Soil British Movietone News 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uyiNL-2XUpQ 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tv-IdL57BTE ----------------
The
Soviet - Japanese Border War
1932 - 1939 Soviet and Mongolian border disputes with the Japanese along their Manchurian borders from 1932 to 1939 Soviet and Mongolian border skirmishes with the Japanese along their Manchurian borders from 1935 to 1939 Soviet - Japanese Border War Three-Minute History https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g63aaPRl-Zk ----------------- Japanese
Invasion of China 28 January
to 3 March 1932 The January 28
Incident/The Shanghai Incident/The Battle of Shanghai Mention on Chinese TV https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J2sd1Q3r_Bs 1932 newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RBF2zEn58Rw The Pity of it All! 1932
newsreel - version A https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vNDLlO8xqRI Version
B https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O15ZkQqDkAU 11 januar 1932 Die erste Schlacht um Shanghai https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=66yqlPaczk8 Heavy Shells Wreak Havoc as City Defies Furious Onslaught Shanghai, China Universal Newspaper Newsreel
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nj6Eakbtl54
---------------- Japanese annex China's Jehol Province to Manchukuo January 1933 Map of the Japanese Empire in
1933 Map of Manchukuo in 1935 in
Fortune Magazine Manchukuo The Newborn Empire Documentary by Beaux Art Productions
in 1937 (13 min.) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tBzm9DxM9WI
---------- Japan Leaves League of Nations In 1933, the General Assembly of the League of Nations in Geneva voted to condemn
Japan's invasion of Manchuria and called for Japan to withdraw
from Manchuria and its return to China. Japan's delegates walked out of the Assembly.
24 February 1933 Japan Walks Out of Geneva
Assembly Mr. Matsuoka defends his nation's clash with China in Manchuria, but quits
after adverse vote British Movietone News https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hStmrz3N46U or https://www.enemyinmirror.com/japan-leaves-the-league-of-nations/
Japan decided to quit
the League of Nations in 1933. Japan formally left the League in 1935. Japan broke all ties with
the League in 1938. --------------- Manuel Quezon
First President
of the Commonwealth of the Philippines Inauguration
15 November 1935 1934 US
Congress Votes for Philippine Independence in ten years - in 1946 New
York, N. Y. - Manuel Quezon Hails Action of the U. S. Freeing the Philippine Islands Universal Newspaper Newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_04rMRABLGw President Signs Home Rule Bill for Philippines FDR and Manuel Quezon Washington, D. C. 23 March 1935 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DAVe_RvvQUI and and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QGL09jYum0o Oath of Office Inauguration
film footage https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DewJAijZzUo Inauguration Newsreel
15
November 1935 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fzk5i0l8KnQ Pan
Am China Clipper Arrives in Manila Manila Roars A Welcome to China Clipper Manuel
Quezon and Captain Edwin Musick 29 November 1935 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x8SkeE1h_-A ------------------ US
Navy aircraft carriers USS Ranger (bottom), USS Lexington (centre) and USS Saratoga (top) off Honolulu
for naval exercises (war games) on 8 April 1936. Crossroads of the Pacific A Hawaiian Cruise 1936 US Navy First Line of Defense https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJnl4zzh5cY
--------------- German
- Italian Friendship Treaty Berlin 25 October 1936 German
- Italian Agreement on Austria 26 October 1936 The Rome - Berlin Accord The Rome - Berlin Pact
The Rome - Berlin Front
Benito Mussolini, Prime Minister of Italy,
before Milan Cathedral (Duomo di Milano) on 1 November 1936 The Rome - Berlin
Protocol The
Rome - Berlin Axis "Ma
queste intese, che sono state consacrate in appositi verbali debitamente firmati, questa verticale Berlino-Roma, non è un
diaframma, è piuttosto un asse attorno al quale possono collaborare tutti gli Stati europei animati da volontà di collaborazione
e di pace." - Benito
Mussolini in Milan on 1 November 1936 New
York Times, November 2, 1936
----------------- The
Anti-Comintern Pact Germany and Japan form Anti-Communist Pact Berlin
25
November 1936 HistoryPod https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FnUVudy7CxE IL PATTO ANTICOMINTERN https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XXTKbSNluMs
------------- The Xi'an Incident 12 December – 26 December
1936 Chiang Kai-shek agrees to unite
with the Communists against the Japanese Chang Hsueh-liang, The
Young Marshal Excerpt from 1987 documentary
China: The Roots of Madness with Theodore White https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tqdAOOM3X6s
Le
sac de Nankin https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JBmiELxLwbE
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X3oA9DlU1VU
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8iPri4ad7vw 4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYDY9c-GHIU 5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2XitRKJXzYY 6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7cDfPCC6EgM 7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FhTea35MBYM 8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PcDrzN1u1HU 9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VV1g59NOTmE
Iris
Chang The
Rape of Nanking 2007 documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wGnvy0w2zGk China
marks 78th Memorial Day of the Nanjing Massacre CCTV (2015) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=duX69O6G5Pc -------------------------- The
Battle of Tai'erzhuang First Chinese Victory 24 March - 7 April 1938 Victory
of Taierzhuang 70
Years in 70 Seconds CCTV https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MC38Hpxs5j8 First
Victory CCTV https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ym5gjPNRtfc The
Battle of Wuhan Japanese capture Wuhan 27 October 1938 Japanese film footage https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k1WlnhuqZAA
Soviets
and Mongolians repulse Japanese Invasion of Mongolia
1939 Soviet army commander
George Zhukov (left) and Mongolia's leader Khorlogiin Choibalsan (right) confer at the Battle of Khalkhin Gol, 1939
Battle of Lake Khasan Japanese push back Soviets and Mongolians 29 July 1938 – 11 August
1938 Battles of Khalkhin Gol (Nomonhan
Incident) Soviets
and Mongolians oush back the Japanese 11 May - 15 September 1939
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oRmq8glMdJM
---------------------------
Two maps of the Pacific on
1 September 1939, the eve of the Second World War in Europe
Extent
of Japanese occupation of China by 1940
-------------------------------
French and British rule on the
Southeastern Asian mainland in 1940
In response to the Japanese occupation of the north of French Indo-China (Tonkin) in September
1940, the U. S. froze Japanese assets in the U. S. on 25 July 1941. The British and Dutch did the same.
Pearl Harbor Symposium George Washington University Wasington, D. C. 7 December 2016
The
Road to War - Japan Documentary from the BBC Road to War documentary series (49:04) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yDv8NxGv9Yg
The
Road to War - U. S. A. BBC documentary series (49:18)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N7Xf1eykVps World War II with Walter Cronkite The Seeds of War Episode
4 - FDR:
3rd Term to Pearl Harbor Removed from You Tube Japanese Spies in Hawaii Takeo Yoshikawa Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 Episode from the CBS TV program The Twentieth Century with Walter
Cronkite (1961) From the 1983 series World War II with Walter Cronkite https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z0wlOvvCq1Q Takeo Yoshikawa
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ScjplrdGIk Map of the Pacific Ocean with a circle about the Hawaiian Islands. Eight Japanese aircraft carriers sail for the Hawaiian Islands. The map shows the path of the Japanese carrier fleet from Japan to the Hawaiian
Islands and back. Six aircradt carriers - Akagi, Kaga,
Sōryū, Hiryū, Shōkaku and Zuikaku - departed Hittokapu
Bay of Iterup Island in the southern Kurile Islands on 26 November 1941. The command ship was the Akagi. The fleet returned to Japan on 23 December. The eight Main Hawaiian Islands, right, and Northwestern (or Leeward) Hawaiian
Islands, left. The eight main Hawaiian Islands, also known as the Southeastern and Windward Hawaiian
Islands, from east to west (right to left): Hawaii ("The Big Island"), Maui, Kahoolawi, Lanai, Molokai, Oahu (with the territorry's capital of Honolulu), Kauai and Nihau. In 1941, about 461,000 people lived on the Hawaiian Islands, including an increasing number of
American soldiers, about 50,000, up 50% since the US Navy moved its Pacific HQ from San Diego to Pearl Harbor in May 1940.
Their were also thousands of sailors aboard ships. More than half the total population lived on the island of Oahu. About 175,000 people lived in and about
the city of Honolulu, the territorial capital, on Oahu. Hawaii and Maui had large populations but much smaller than Oahu.
Native and part-native Hawaiians (Polynesiians) were probably less than one-sixth of the total population,
about 75,000, with most living on the islands of Oahu, Hawaii and Maui. There were about 38,000 Japanese (including Okinawans), 36,000 Filipinos, 5,000 Chinese and 2,500 Koreans
in the Hawaiian Islands. (The total Japanese population of the U. S. in 1940 was about 125,000.) The main crops were sugar cane and pineapples. There was a U. S. Marine base on Midway Atoll. Pearl
Harbor, Oahu The main target was the US navy ships and facilities in Pearl Harbor (1940 photo). Above all, the Japanese wanted to destroy the aircraft carriers in Pearl Harbor.
The USS Enterprise is in the photo above. Battleships, like the USS Honolulu,
in the above photo taken in Pearl Harbor in 1939, were of secondary importance. At first light, two Japanese float planes took off from a carrier to scout the
sea between the aircraft carriers and Oahu and the sea near Lanai Island. Americans Fire the First Shot At about 6:30 a. m. ships spotted the conning tower and periscope of a midget
sub off-shore following a target barge towed by a cargo ship heading for Pearl Harbor. Around 6:45 a. m. the destroyer USS Ward fired its # 1 gun at the sub
and missed. The # 3 gun fired and hit ithe sub's conning tower. A patrol plane bombed it. The sub disappeared. The
Ward dropped depth charges - and reportedly sank the sub. The USS Ward Painting of the destroyer USS Ward firing on a Japanese midget submarine
spotted several miles outside Pearl Harbor. USS Ward The History Guy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hcVnByFS7n8 USS Ward Crewman Willit Lehner https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0s2FbBWztDI USS Ward
Crewmen from St. Paul, Minn. fired the # 3 gun that hit the midget
sub https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bXyyM3QZOk8 USS Ward # 3 gun crew First Shot Club Willit Lehner https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rp5NE9eV1CQ Pearl Harbor Who Fired First? Advertisement for PBS documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kyaWfo1pg-Q
Aerial view of Pearl Harbor, Ford Island and Hickam Field on October 30, 1941.
The view is from the north to the south. Pearl Harbor, Oahu at 7:55 a. m. on December 7, 1941, as the first wave of attackers arrived.
Ford Island in
Pearl Harbor. Navy ships are under attack on the far side. The view is from the southwest. The USS West Virginia
has just been hit by a torpedo. The USS West Virginia on fire.
The Japanese Plan to Attack Pearl Harbor and the Planning Behind It
Lecture by Mark Stille Pearl Harbor Symposium George Washington University Washington, D. C. 7 December 2016 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7TtPCNUSs8w Attack on Pearl Harbor 1941 Animated Battle Map https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6cz9gtMTeI Pearl Harbor The Japanese Attack Animated Map https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oTZmW3qz3Js Air Attacks Over Hawaii Japanese movies of the attack (1941) When it was December 7 in Hawaii it was December 8 in Japan. Tokyo was 19 1/2 hours ahead of Honolulu.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZE0uOOXT9w Honolulu First Pictures of the Attack Newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=COvnWZi1Nko Pearl Harbor First Pictures Newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZLVUiG1nUY Pearl Harbor The Japanese Attack Description over a map (10:20) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oTZmW3qz3Js December
7, 1941 Episode from the
documentary series You Are There with Walter Cronkite The Attack on Pearl
Harbor https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7gC-sKYqqA or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09PFEN1DehI Japanese
Bomb Pearl Harbor Short excerpt from a documentary
(00:03:44) There is no evidence that Yamamoto made the remarks attributed to him. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=srTe1r7S6s4&feature=related
December 7
The Pacific Boils Over Episode
# 2 of 26 from the NBC-TV documentary series Victory at Sea (1952) (26 min.) The
Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YvxKTwBLCCs
Pearl
Harbor Episode from the TV documentary series Battlefront WW2 Pacific (22:30) https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x11qr6o Or
In 3 clips: 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oqbAzj8SVIA 2.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eyf1PZEsYpI 3.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cWvaIe00sPU
Tora! Tora! Tora! The True Story of Pearl Harbor History
Channel documentary (2000) (01:33:29) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TNat7tGgc6s
Sacrifice at Pearl Harbor 1989 BBC Timewatch documentary (1:09:28) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7p1TOA99S88&feature=related
Pearl Harbor and the Battle of Malaya and Singapore Episode # 4 of season # 4 of the documentary series Battlefield (2000) (1:39:36) Two parts (Part
2 is The Battle of Malaya and Singapore) Japan attacked Malaya just after
midnight on December 8 (local time), one hour before it attacked Pearl Harbor, just after breakfast-time on December 7. https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2j4n0z or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ni_C4Ui06ck Or
in 10 clips: 1.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ccNLGMoUZdI 2.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h9mOZjrj_Ek 3.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b46R07QHWi4 4.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bwSGOlOAoBk 5.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qNLt7bDAz6k 6.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lUFWDr80wAM 7.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MdFt0EIA-Oc 8.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yBLAv4Z467E 9.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Z8b6KZxKP0 10.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2S46-es2Lck
Eternal Father Navy
Hymn U.S. Naval Academy Glee Club
at the U.S.S. Arizona Memorial in 2011 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IQOzUqdOVDU Navy Hymn, Eternal Father,
sung by the Naval Academy Glee Club in tribute to those who died in the attack on Pearl Harbor 75th Anniversary (2016) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_7o4Ltq_Dz8 -------------------------
Civilian Planes Shot Down
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K2NowsgeMJk -------------------------
Friendly Fire
Commander Mitsuo Fuchida Commander Mitsuo Fuchida Mitsuo Fuchida, commander, bomber
pilot, Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service, one of the planners of the attack on Pearl Harbor, led the attack. Fuchida led
the first wave of planes to Oahu, gave the signal to attack, and departed with the second wave at the end of the attack.
An
improperly conducted interview (1967) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=elf5RBLjTO4
Wounded Tiger The
author of Wounded Tiger, a novel about Mitsuo Fuchida Uploaded 2014 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFmYLTZfGAw Ads
for movie or movie project https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hUYzofGTgQ4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-0HJDkNrPtQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rv-k9jnuWKs ------------------------- The
Air War Starts 1939 – December
1941 Chapter 7 of The Air Force (Air Corps) Story
(1953) From Poland to Pearl Harbor 14:06 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hoB9FZyYdDk 13:23 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-jQwDOq7uqA
Painting of Japanese submarine I-24 with the
midget submarine I-24 tou (HA. 19) on the aftdeck. The midget
subs were released underwater by their "mother" subs about ten to 15 nautical miles off-shore one at a time at intervals
between midnight and 3:33 a. m. on December 7. The midget subs were to slip into the harbor. When the aerial attack began
each was to fire two torpedoes at the ships. Aircraft carriers were the primary target. Then battleships. The midget subs could
also wait to launch their torpedoes between the two waves of aerial attacks or after the aerial attacks. To get into the harbor the midget subs had to evade detection by navy patrol bombers (PBY)
flying overhead and destroyers patrolling outside the harbor and cut through the submarine nets at the entrance.
Short excerpt from the documentary Myths of Pearl Harbor - Unsolved History (2 min. 58 sec.) The
five "mother" submarines waited several miles off-shore to torpedo ships leaving the harbor. The midget
submaines were to rendezvous with two submarines, I-68 and I-69, off Lanai Island on the following night. The crewmen would be taken
aboard and the midget subs scuttled and abandoned. In the previous
week ships reported sighting submarines near Pearl Harbor. According
to Japanese naval records there were 24 Japanese submarines in Hawaiian waters at the time of the attack. They were to
warn the attack fleet of shipping activity and to rescue downed fliers. There are several action reports and many later accounts or recollections in the press of submarine sightings and encounters on the morning of December 7 but none agree in all details.
A minesweeper reported
sighting a periscope outside the harbor around 3:45 a. m. A destroyer on patrol, the USS Ward, searched for the sub. At 5:45 a. m.
a cargo ship spotted a periscope. At 6:30 a.
m. the USS Ward spotted a conning tower and periscope following a target barge towed by the cargo ship, which was
heading for the harbor. A PBY sighted the sub and marked the spot
with a smoke bomb. The Ward fired on the sub and missed. The Ward fired again, hitting the sub's conning
tower, and dropped depth charges. The PBY bombed it. The sub disappeared. USS Ward
Crewman Recalls Sinking Submarine https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0s2FbBWztDI A midget sub was spotted at 8:17 and 8:20 a. m.,
during the first wave of the aerial attack, outside the harbor entrance by the USS Helm.
The Helm fired twice on the sub without affect. A midget sub was discovered inside the North Channel of the harbor around 8:30 a. m. by several ships - the USS Curtiss, USS
Zane, USS Perry, USS Tangier and USS Medusa. The USS
Breese reported spotting two periscopes, one following the other, in the North Channel at 8:30 a. m. At 8:40
a. m. the Perry, Tangier, Medusa and Curtiss fired at a sub, hitting the conning tower at least twice.
The USS
Monaghan pursued the sub. According to action reports, the sub
fired one torpedo. The torpedo was fired at the USS Monaghan or MacDonough. According to other accounts,
the sub fired two torpedoes. No damage was caused. Around 8:40 a. m. the Monaghan
ran over and perhaps rammed the sub, dropped two or three depth charges and reported
sinking the sub. The spot
was charted and the sub recovered in late December 1941.
In all, five midget subs were recovered by Americans, three with their torpedoes and one without torpedoes. One sub was recovered with or without torpedoes. Details are not public: the torpedoes had been fired during
the attack or they were removed later during salvaging. One regular Japanese submarine
reported having been attacked by shelling and depth charging on December 7 off-shore the harbor. #
1 FIRST midget sub recovered December 8,
1941 I-24 tou (Ha. 19 - for Hull No. 19)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TukjMpJ-7d8
SECOND midget sub recovered December 21, 1941 I-16, I-18, I-20 or I-22 tou
It
is thought this midget sub could be I-22 tou with crewmen Lt. Naoji Iwasa, commander, and Petty Officer 1st. Class Naokichi Sasaki.
Iwasa
was the senior officer and commander of the Special Attack Flotilla.
This is the only midget sub known to have entered the harbor or fired a torpedo. The sub was spotted
by several ships around 8:30 a. m. - the USS Zane, USS Tangier, USS Perry,
USS Medusa and USS Curtiss. Accounts differ. The sub was fired on by Medusa, Tangier, Perry and
Curtiss. The conning tower was hit at least twice by fire. The Perry dropped depth charges. Monaghan
ran over and perhaps rammed the sub, dropped two or three depth
charges and reported sinking the sub. The
midget sub was recovered in battered condition, without torpedoes, from the spot two weeks later, on December 21, 1941. Action reports mention only one torpedo fired in the harbor. Later accounts in the press mentioned two. For unknown reasons, the midget sub was buried in a landfill, reportedly with the two crewmen inside. According to one account the two sailors were buried in a nearby cemetery. The
midget sub was dug up again later, in 1951 (or 1952), and returned to the landfill.
# 3 THIRD midget sub found 1951 Spotted
later in 1992, 2001, 2002 and 2009 I-16, I-18, I-20 or I-22 tou
This
midget sub was thought to have been I-16 tou and the crewmen Lt. ( j.g.) Yokoyama Masaji, commander, and
Petty Officer 2nd. Class Ueda Sadamu or Masaharu Yokohama and Petty Officer 2nd Class Tei Uyeda?
This third midget sub was found by a private scientific expedition led by George
W. Vanderbilt III in shallow water west of the harbor entrance in 1951. The sub was raised by
the Navy, disassembled, taken out to sea and dumped. The
body of one of the crewmen was found nearby several days later. Exploring
submersibles three to five miles off-shore saw one section of the sub a half-century later, in 1992,
another section in 2001, and a third section in 2002. One section was cut in two. Cables had
been attached to each of the three sections. It was clear that this
sub
was not sunk or scuttled or abandoned
in this location but salvaged from another point and dumped in this location at a later date. The torpedo tubes were empty. Torpedoes were not seen in the area. Did the sub fire torpedoes? Or were they removed by the Navy in 1951? Navy records should say. at the USS St. Louis, just outside the harbor, after the aerial attack, and scuttled by the crew near the
harbor entrance, and found there ten years later, in 1951. # 4 FOURTH midget sub recovered July
13, 1960 I-16, I-18, I-20 or I-22 tou
This
midget sub is thought to have been I-18 tou and the crew Lt. (j. g.) Shigemi
Furuno, commander, and Petty Officer 1st. Class
Shigenori Yokoyama.
A Navy frogman (UDT) discovered a midget sub in 76 feet of water in Keehi Lagoon, east of Pearl Harbor,
on June 13, 1960.
This
midget sub was recovered intact with both torpedoes on July 12, 1960. The
two crewman were not inside. Recovery of Japanese Midget Sub in July 1960 Film without sound Part 1. (8:29) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pDTRNRYZY7Y Part
2. (10:32) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AeCEceqYNcA The
sub's bow, apparently with live torpedoes, was removed, taken out to sea and dumped. The rest was returned to
Japan in 1961. The midget sub is now on display, restored, at the Japanese Naval Academy
in Etajima.
# 5 FIFTH midget sub found August 28, 2002 I-16, I-18, I-20 or I-22 tou
This
midget sub is thought to have been I-20 tou and the crewmen Ensign Akira Hiroo, commander, and Petty Officer 2nd. Class Yoshio Katayama.
This
midget sub was found intact, with both torpedoes,
in 2002 in 1,200 feet of water three to five miles south of the harbor,
not far from the dumping site of the midget submarine found in 1951 (# 3). Because
the conning tower had a large bullet hole, it was thought that this midget sub was sunk by the USS Ward. This
is not certain, however. The
Ward fired twice on the sub. The first shot, fired from 100 yards, missed. The second shot, fired from 50 yards, was
thought to have hit the sub's conning tower. A PBY bombed the sub. The Ward dropped depth charges. The
two crewmen are believed to be inside. The
sub may have been spotted by earlier explorers.
Sketch by Burl Burlingame, Honolulu Star-Bulletin, August 28, 2002 Pearl Harbor Who Fired First? Documentary (PBS) (23:32) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aqjXqg9kb50 or (30:16) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=omiEH1cNl9k Underwater view Okeanos
Explorer 2016 (48 min.) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GAziH3u6MEU
Red arrow indicates what appears to be
a midget sub in Pearl Harbor and the trail of a torpedo. The photo shows the moment of a torpedo's impact with the USS
West Virginia. A plane appears in the photo. The West Virginia
was hit by a first torpedo at 7:55 a. m. and two more shortly afterward. The Oklahoma was hit by a torpedo around
8:00 a. m. Was a torpedo, probably the first, dropped by a torpedo bomber or fired by a midget sub?
Japanese movie The midget sub attack 1942 Excerpt: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RD9__PKXZtA
Honolulu Star-Bulletin,
December 7, 1941
Gettysburg
Times (Pennsylvania) December 8, 1941 or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sIvhvXBEzyA
The
British declared war on Japan nine hours before the U. S. Yorkshire Evening Post,
8 December 1941. -----------
Chicago Daily Tribune,
Decwmber 8, 1941
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IszZu4eZvHY
President
Roosevelt asks Congress to declare war on Japan. December 8, 1941. FDR
address to the U. S. Congress Washington,
D. C. December
8, 1941
Video excerpt:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ufoUtoQLGQY Video excerpt: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lK8gYGg0dkE Complete
address to Congress and radio announcer's introduction, December 8, 1941: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o460uEJmLG8&feature=related Full speech:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M0PW1Jhuu2Q
War
had engulfed Europe for more that two years, since 1939. Many Americans and the US Congress did not want to get involved. US President
Roosevelt (FDR) wanted the US to fight in Europe with Great Britain and the Soviet Union against Germany. He knew the US could not stay out of the war
forever. But the American public and the U. S. Congress would not want to go to war without sufficient provacation. FDR knew the
Japanese were planning to invade Southeast Asia. American forces were stationed in the Philippines. If
the Japanese attacked the Philippines (a US protectorate) and the Hawaiian Islands (a US territory), FDR would have sufficient
grounds to ask the Congress for a declaration of war. There
were many who believed that American naval chiefs anticipated a Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and sent the most vital ships
stationed there, the aircraft carriers, out to sea to avoid the attack. Battleships,
destroyers
and cruisers were in the port at the time of the attack. Many believed these ships were deliberately sacrificed in order to justify an American response in kind.
There was another
reason to believe that FDR wanted war and welcomed the Japanese attack. War put everyone
back to work and, at long last, pulled the US out of the Great Depression.
American
analog of the 1937/8 Japanese Purple cypher machine used by Japanese diplomatic offices. American and British cryptologists learned
how the machine worked before Pearl Harbor. They also broke the Japanese Naval (JN) 25 code. With knowledge of the
Japanese code the U. S. naval fleet intercepted the Japanese fleet in the Coral Sea and at the island of Midway in mid-1942.
(6 clips) 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hAzmh6XSr8 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZx7g1aXyzg 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qXsqrSCRoa8 4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-bVVe_F28pw 5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GlHUvuXfxx8 6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jSQNuV0DHR8
Breaking the Japanese Code Episode from the documentary series Secrets of War https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cfxrOMTLvq4 Code Breaking Documentary (22:10) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FFQxoGNtCs Japanese Morse Lecture by Norman Kendrick (1987) In 7 clips: 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yza6bjQ2_mc 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gq4vdTrnkHU 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NNqUWl8lxBM 4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iJFSHgJLIDc 5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1F720lVQTL4 6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8T4F8BtoXco 7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uIuTo1D9rtc
Shortly after 7:00 a. m. on January 28, 1942, a Japanese submarine, I-171 (or 71),
torpedoed and sank an army transport ship, the USAT General Royal T. Frank (built in 1909), in the Alenuihaha Channel between Hawaii and Maui. 24 were lost. Mussolini declares war on America Rome,
Italy, 11 December 1941 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2dii69KanOw Germany
declares war on the U. S. December
11, 1941 - 15:00 hrs. Adolf
Hitler, Berlin https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xm_e3f6pAz4 Radio Broadcast German Declaration of War on U. S. Adolf Hitler (with translation) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=waWPhXB9av4&feature=watch_response Without translation (7 clips) 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wog4eE0QtQ0&feature=related 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7YJ7jyt5r1w&feature=relmfu 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x3ODh_YMuxw&feature=relmfu 4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1TWR9eNOHl0&feature=relmfu 5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_DFOFzPEOgA&feature=relmfu 6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RuA5Zj9ftD0&feature=relmfu 7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jLObiZPQwiw&feature=relmfu Excerpts (with video, translation and background music) 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NzgQXRdXr2Q&feature=related 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QuvTP_C3OnA 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9gifdR2k5Hg Why did Hitler declare war on the U. S.? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EnfvGMAPCko Hitler's Declaration of War on the United States Documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yRizJb_LrxQ
----- U. S. declares war on Germany December 11, 1941
Several hours after Germany declared war on the U. S., Congress declared war on Germany.
New York Times, December 12, 1941 Radio
broadcast Congress
discusses declaration of war against Germany Universal Newsreel presents dramatic
highlights
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZwRwcmO6CZ0 Cavalcade of 1941! News of the Day British Pathé https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ya4YTSLN6Hw News Parade of the Year Castle Films https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ViTgJkHMi8I
Kate Smith
Good-bye Mama, I'm Off To Yokohama
Sand
Island On
and after December 8, 1941, hundreds of people living in Hawaii - US citizens and foreign nationals
- were arrested and detained in an army camp on Sand Island in Honolulu Harbor. The detainees were citizens of
Axis countries - Germany, Italy and Japan - or U. S. citizens of Japanese,
German and Italian ancestry Camps
were opened also on the islands of Hawaii, Maui and Kauai. Most
of the Japanese detainees were born in Japan. Many were born in the U.
S. of Japanese parents. Japanese
PoWs were interned also on Sand Island. The
camps also held Koreans, Formosans (Taiwanese) and Okinawans. In February 1942, President
Roosevelt ordered the removal of Japanese-Americans from the U. S. West Coast and their detention in camps inland. Canada
issued similar orders. The detainees were released
after the war. Japanese PoWs were
repatriated after the war.
Actor
George Takei on the Japanese internment camps during WWII EMMYTVLEGENDS.ORG
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yogXJl9H9z0
Boston Daily
Globe, December 8, 1941 Japanese
southern drive, December 1941
Red Sun Rampant From the Japanese occupation of French
Indo-China in 1940 to the Japanese expulsion from Guadalcanal by the Americans in 1943 Episode # 5 of 13 from the World War II in Colour documentary series https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Erwh-7ihRzQ&feature=related The Rise of the Japanese Empire Episode
3 of the 1951 documentary series Crusade In The Pacific (30 min.) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHD-71Xjo_Y
WW2
Timeline ------------------------- Japs attack
Oahu, Wake, Guam
Japs capture Guam December 10, 1941
The Seattle Times (Washington), December 8, 1941. The Democrat and Chronicle, Rochester, New York, 8 December 1941. The Spanish claimed the Mariana Islands in 1667. The Spanish governed the Mariana Islands from the Philippines. After Spain's defeat by the American in the Spanish-American War in 1898, Spain left the island of
Guam, the largest of the Mariana Islands, to the U. S. Spain sold the rest of the Marianas and their other possessions in Micronesia to the Germans in 1899. Germany governed the Marianas as part of a German New Guinea. In the Great War (1914 - 1918), Japan, an ally of the western powers, took the Mariana Islands, along
with most of the rest of Germany's Pacific possessions, after defeating the Germans in the Battle of Tsingtao, a
German port on the China coast, with the British. After the Great War, the Japanese held the former German possessions in the Pacific by a mandate
from the League of Nations. As the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor, they also bombed Guam, on December 8 and 9, 1941. On December 10, the Japanese invaded Guam and, after brief fighting, the Americans surrendered.
-------------
Battle of Wake Island
-----------------
Japan and China
Japanese plans for China in December 1941
Japanese capture Hong Kong
Christmas 1941 The Valour and the Horror Savage
Christmas Hong
Kong 1941 Documentary (1991) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6CJJhqSXSuQ Hour
of Darkness Canadians at
Hong Kong, 1941 Episode 2 of the documentary series For King &
Country https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_fTMjC_m-nA Canada
and the 75th Anniversary of the Battle of Hong Kong Lecture
by Cameron Cathcart in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 2016 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bGbIy1qhkPE Daily
Express, 1941 Japan
Times and Advertiser, 1941 -----------------------------
Winston Churchill's address
to Joint Session of U. S. Congress 26
December 1941 Excerpts https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R95rjk_nEI8 Excerpts (longer) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pYDLTDL-YD8 Entire address (audio only) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fhUXdolcIPQ ---------------
Japanese
invade the Philippines December 8, 1941 Within
hours of their attack on Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, the Japanese attacked the Philippines. Reno Evening News,
Reno, Nevada, December 8, 1941 US
Navy yard in Cavite in Manila Bay on Luzon in the Philippines, attacked on 10 December 1941. Japanese
invasion of the Philippines 1941 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ssSDELFWdYc&feature=related
Japan
invades Philippines https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m9XhGPTs978 Manila Bombed! Castle silent newsreel film Includes
brief biography of Gen. Douglas MacArthur https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cbk-DP8juNc&feature=related MacArthur
in the Philippines Excerpt
from a documentary narrated by Walter Cronkite (00:07:50) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cCNNCEpnfQk
Gen.
MacArthur and Maj. Gen. Jonathan Wainwright in
the Philippines in 1941.
Corregidor
Island in Manila Bay
The
Story of the Defenders of Bataan and Corregidor Filipino documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ennb2ihsTR8 Or in 6 clips: 1.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2MX4WSXWHbY 2.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i3LwhHiiZRk 3.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t3tbmus5has 4.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQpocrOqgro 5.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fy0owS4uBjY 6.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xohbn1fMyK8 Corregidor Episode
from the documentary series The Big Picture Upload
of poor quality https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tRJ_y0ISVkc
General MacArthur and President Quezon on
Corregidor. MacArthur urged Quezon to go to Australia. Quezon left Corregidor
by submarine and flew to Australia in a B-17 on 19 February. President Rooseveld
appointed MacArthur Allied commander-in-chief of the Southwest Pacific, promoted him to the rank of general, and ordered him
to Australia to tkae command. MacArthur left Corregidor on 12 March 1942, travelling by boat to Mindanao and by plane to Australia.
Wainwright,
now a lieutenant-general, took command of forces in the Philippines. MacArthur
escapes Corregidor for Australia Wiki
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bHrPaTkFTi4 General MacArthur arrives in Melbourne, Australia on 22 March 1942. Account of escape:
San Luis Obispo Telegram-Tribune (California) March 18, 1942. MacArthur in Australia British
Pathé newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lkQiLlOsPdA Australia Welcomes MacArthur British Movietone https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X9hdEqQqRWY MacArthur arrives in Canberra Newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZIq8pgkLTM0 I Shall Return https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NEbwuehH35I A Tribute
to MacArthur British Pathé 1942 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C2JQdFFIzmc MacArthur
greets Quezon in Melbourne in March 1942. The
Tribune, Manila, April 24, 1942 Last Broadcast from Corregidor https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=viCAX8WupTY&feature=related
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aO4FkYBRU4A Corregidor
1943 Hollywood movie recounts
life of the defenders of Corregidor Island while under siege by the Japanese before the American surrender https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MrT3nK7l7qI Battle of Corregidor Morse Code Transmission
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gPFByDvvLSs
Chicago
Daily Tribune, May 6, 1942
New
York World-Telegram, May 6, 1942 Corregidor
surrender broadcast Lt. General
Wainwright May 7, 1942 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qMqTWzCTkkQ La Chute de Corregidor La Guerre
en Plus Grande Asie Japanese newsreel in French https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ffNQn4MP3H8 The
U. S. and the Philippines Episode
5 of the 1951 documentary series Crusade in the Pacific https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L_ddnOHsiX4 Bataan Death
March Maps of the Bataan Death March
American
soldiers on the march Bataan
Death March Documentary (5 clips) 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BCXA-QuAcbs 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X1xqoedzzjk 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=saGX7EW7mdc 4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IX9MqW3gJjo 5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qqyB3kFwkBg Poster Documentary
about American PoWs in the Philippines https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pnetstx5aj8
Over
1200 Days as a Japanese POW Robert Enson
Russell Part 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rIkkqs5aYnQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VleTAXWtQrk President Roosevelt, right, welcomes President Quezon,
centre, at Union Station in Washington, D. C. on 12 May 1942. Quezon formed his government-in-exile in Washington. -------------
Battle of Malaya and Singapore
December 1941 Evening Standard, London, 8 December 1941 The map shows the points of the Japanese
landings in Malaya and directions of the invasion. The
map shows the points of the Japanese landings in Malaya and directions of the invasion. The Last Survivors
Malayan
witnesses Japanese invasion force landing on beaches of Kota Bahru on 8 December 1941. https://www.star2.com/people/2016/12/08/invasion-of-malaya-from-kot Chicago Daily Tribune, December 8, 1941 The Fall of Singapore
Documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWfIG71ZL3Q
Fall of Singapore and Malaya
Documentary
(4 clips)
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nAjTpp2w0iE&feature=related
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yieHbMoDNbE&feature=relmfu
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mlC3PuHYNo4&feature=relmfu
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RBmvwieOSuQ&feature=relmfu
Battle for Singapore
Episode from the Battlefront documentary series
(2
clips)
1.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qGpgLY3ZvcI
2.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Do9wsY8u1ms&feature=relmfu
Battle of Singapore
Documentary from the series Generals at War
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=54nEtOvioLc
Rising Sun over Malaya
Documentary
about the Japanese occupation of Malaya and Singapore in WW2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QLx0V0GK4-A
or
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K4nEfXqhSUs
or
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JZq8HuhodxI
Singapore 1942
End of Empire
2011 documentary
Part 1.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m7qs1epvJFA
Part 2.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MwxxPj2l5F8
2002 documentary about Australian
soldiers in Malaya and Singapore
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wWHDHHOCl1Q
Inferno
Part
1 of 4 of the 2001 documentary series Hell in the Pacific
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GkfNfgsqWLE
Fall of Singapore:
The
Great Betrayal
2012 BBC documentary about the British sale of expertise, material and secrets to the Japanese before and during the war
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ST8n3C9QUMA&feature=related
----------------
8 December 1941 New York Hearld Tribune, December
8, 1941 Siam changed its name to Thailand in 1939.
It reverted to the name of Siam in 1945. It returned to the name of Thailand in 1949. After Thailand's war with France in Indo-China
in 1940 and 1941, Thailand and Japan agreed on Thailand's neutrality. The Japanese attacked Thailand early on
the morning of 8 January 1941 - at the same time that they attacked the American naval base at Pearl Harbor
in Hawaii.
Map indicates points of Japanese invasion of Thailand in December 1941. The Thais fought the invading Japanese
- or put up a show of resistance - for several hours before the Thai government agreed
to collaborate with the Japanese. The Battle for Ao Mano https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JbLnm0cfxF4 See: A Tragic Valor: Defense of Prachuap Khiri Khan https://andamaninspirations.com/2019/05/14/a-tragic-valor-defense-of-prachuap-khiri-khan/ Japs
enter Thailand The Thais agreed to join an offensive and
defensive military alliance with the Japanese. The Thais
agreed to give Japan full use of its territory and full access to all facilities the Japanese military required.
On 25 January 1942, Thaiand declared war
on Britain and the United States. On 15 February 1942, Thailand signed the
Tri-Partite Pact, joining Germany, Italy, Japan, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia and Croatia, Manchuria and
that part of China under the puppet collaborationist government of Nanking as an Axis partner. Thailand sent forces into Burma in 1942. Map above displays land ceded by Siam to
the British and the French from 1867 to 1909. Thailand took advantage of the Japanese
occupation of the French Indo-China in 1940 and Japan's occupation of the British colonies of Burma and Malaya in 1942 to
recover territory taken from Siam by the British and the French from 1867 to 1909. The map above shows land taken by Thailand
with the backing of Japan from 1940 to 1943. --------------------- Burma Japs Invade Burma The Japanese attacked Burma in December 1941 Japs
Blitz Rangoon British
Pathé newsreel (1942)
Map of Japanese invasion of Burma from
Thailand from January to May 1942. The above photo
has been described as one of soldiers of the Japanese 15th Army ariving at the border of Burma (from Thailand) in 1942. The
15th Army was with Japan's Southern Expeditionary Army Group, which was to occupy Southeast Asia and the South Pacific. In early May, the Japanese invaded southern
China from Burma. British forces withdrew from Burma into
India in May. The
Thirty Comrades and the Burma Independence Army (BIA). Aung San, centre, front row, beside IJA Colonel Keiji Susuki (in
white). The BIA accompanied the IJA into Burma in 1942. Retreat in Burma April and May 1942 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NxpP9cOAZZM Chinese forces retreated to China and India.
The
Battle of Yenangyaung https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FCUhH4yvSJg Japanese
troops and tanks advance to Mandalay Japanese newsreel
(1942) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SlE-0mbk_kg
Japanese
bombers attack the Burma Road and villages in China Newsreel (July
1942)
With the Japanese patrolling much of the China coast, China had
to be supplied overland by Burma and Indo-China. From Indo-China, supplies went by rail from Haiphong to the Burma Road in
China, which was completed in 1938. The Japanese cut the rail line and forced the French to stop supplies to China in 1940.From
Rangoon supplies went by rail to Lashio and by road to Kunming. The Japanese invaded Burma in early 1942 and cut the supply
line. --------------------- The Flying
Tigers Curtiss
P-40 Warhawks with the AVG in 1942 A Curtiss P-40 War Hawk of
the 1st American Volunteer Group (AVG) of the China Air Force in Burma in March 1942. The AVG pilots painted tiger sharks
on the noses of their panes. They were called the Flying Tigers. (The War Hawks are also called Kitty Hawks and Tommahawks.) Claire
Chennault The
Flying Tigers, the nickname of the 1st American Volunteer Group (AVG) of the China Air Force, were commanded by Colonel
Claire Lee Chennault. Chennault
pressed for a pre-emptive bombing strike of Japan from bases in China throughout 1941 (before the Japanese attack on
Pearl Harbor). With
the backing of FDR's top advisors, Chennault purchased 100 Curtis P-40s and recruited 100 pilots and 300 mechanics in the
U. S. in April 1941 for the 1st American Volunteer Group (AVG). The
pilots and mechanics began to arrive in Burma in August 1941. The
1st AVG was based at the British airfields of Mingaladon in Rangoon and Kyedaw in Taungoo in Burma. The
1st AVG flew its first combat mission on 20 December 1941, twelve days after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, out of its
base at Kunming. The
Japanese took Rangoon in late February 1942 and the AVG withdrew north to Magwe. In
late March, the AVG withdrew from Burma into China. in
May, the Chinese army, with air support from the AVG, repulsed a Japanese offensive from Burma to take Kunming and Chungking.
In July 1942, the 1st AVG was merged into
the U. S. Army Air Force in China as the China Air Task Force of the U. S. 10th Air Force. Chennault commanded the task force.
In March 1943, the China Air Task Force
was replaced by the 14th Army Air Force with Chennault in command. FDR promoted Chennault to the rank of major-general. Chennault commanded the U. S. Army Air Force
in China for the rest of the war.
Hollywood movie with John Wayne released in October 1942 Advertisement
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PvfRdnzYZ_c Entire movie (1:41:32) https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x3xkz38 Dubbed in German https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fb_WGBlkEc4
-------------------------- With the
support of Japan, Thailand entered Burma in May 1942 and annexed and occupied parts of the Shan States and Karen lands. With the
support of the Japanese, Thailand occupied and annexed parts of Indo-China (western and nothern Cambodia and western Laos)
during the Japanese occupation of French Indo-China (1940 - 1945). Shortly after France fell to Germany in
June 1940, Japan forced the French to allow Japanese military bases in French Indo-China. With the backing of the Japanese, Thailand
annexed and occupied parts of Laos and northern and western Cambodia from 1940 to 1945. Thailand was forced to return all land taken
with Japanese backing to French Indo-China after the war, in 1946. The United Nations compelled Thailand to
return the ancient Hindu temple of Pre Vihear to Cambodia in 1962. Map above displays territory taken by Thailand
from British Malaya with the backing of the Japanese during the Japanese occupation of the Malay Peninsula (1941 - 1945). Map
shows the Japanese front in Burma from 1942 to 1945. In
the west are the Allied armies of the British Commonwealth, the United States and the Republic of China. In the east
are the armies of Japan and Thailand. ----------------------- Bye Bye Blackbird Charlie and his Orchestra Karl ("Charlie") Schwedler, singer Lutz Templin, bandleader Lyrics by the the Propagandaministerium Broadcast from Berlin https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ML--h2YV9Ho ------------------------
Japanese
attack Dutch East Indies
The Battle of Java February
28 - March 12, 1942 Silent film
footage https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FScJKiU1jk4
Battle
of the Java Sea USS
Houston at the (21:24) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EZWgEczRXrk Of
Pride and Purpose
Documentary
about the American POWs
(2 clips)
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LzemNcRg8s8 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zu_fBOa_kxs About a third of the ship's crew of 1,061 survived and were captured and interned by the Japanese. Of those,
77 died in captivity. The fate of the crew of the Houston was revealed by surviving crewmen when liberated from Japanese
prisons at the end of the war. Images
of the Kwai Documentary about British troops in Malaya and Singapore and
POWs in Burma and Thailand By Jack Holland https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c7ryhFk78jo POWs arrive at Ta Makan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4k4NEAIk3PU Advertisement for the movie:
44
Days
Japanese
attack Australia 1942
- 1943 Japanese
plan to invade Australia Japanese attacked
ports (in red) in northern Australia Japanese bomb Darwin 19
February 1942 Biggest Japanese
air attack after Pearl Harbor https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LIn695k9QiU&feature=related https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ukKfsVIbD8&feature=related https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OzCb86C2O0s&feature=related https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W8g9Ka8hCJk&feature=relmfu https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wxC4gvAH4iM&feature=relmfu https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6sKznLtXs48&feature=relmfu https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zq_8odnt2nY&feature=related https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mSx0h54WrLs&feature=related
---------------------------------
Japanese
attack U. S. west coast February
22, 1942 Souvenir
Japanese postcard of the Japanese shelling of Santa Barbara. Japanese
submarine I-17 surfaced off Santa Barbara, California and shelled the Ellwood oil fields on the beaches of north Goleta in
the evening of February 22, 1942 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5K-xfCku3Bs Map from the Port Arthur (Texas) News, 6 March 1942.
Front page of The Gettysburg Times, 24 February
1942
-------------------------- Two
days later . . . The Battle of Los Angeles The
Great Los Angeles Air Raid 24 - 25
February 1942 A FALSE ALARM? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5m7736RMBEg
-------------------
Karl ("Charlie") Schwedler, singer Lutz Templin, bandleader Lyrics by the the Propagandaministerium Broadcast from Berlin https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qD_dRGFkLdg Scapegoating Kimmel and Short Uploaded 2015 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UMLzkYi-J7E Adm. Kimmel Testifies on Pearl Harbor 14 January 1946 Universal News https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AoafS24TKOg
------------------ Nimitz Chester Nimitz The day Admiral Kimmel was relieved, President Roosevelt promoted
a rear admiral (rank equivalent to brigadier-general in the army), Chester Nimitz, to the rank of full admiral and commander-in-chief
of the U. S. Pacific Fleet (CINPAC). Admiral Nimitz took command of the fleet in Hawaii on the last day
of 1941, December 31. In March 1942, the US Joint Chiefs of Staff divided the Pacific theater
of the war into three areas: (1) the Pacific Ocean Areas, commanded by
Admiral Chester Nimitz; (2) the Southwest Pacific Area, commanded by General Douglas MacArthur; and the Southeast Pacific Area. Nimitz, as CINPAC, controlled all Allied (U. S. and British)
air, land and sea forces in the central Pacfic. Chester Nimitz
Biography https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zO315PfkIUw Episode from
the Army documentary series The Big Picture https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4YrEfbAOH8Q or,
the same: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lOhQR6WsQ_I or,
the same: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ovdFCAxEy04 The Bluejacket's Manual Ships of the U. S.
Navy U. S. Navy film (1942 edition) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=myqAItT3OM0 Admirals Chester Nimitz, left, and William ("Bull") Halsey Halsey The Fighting Admiral
William Halsey Admiral William ("Bull") Halsey was the most popular American naval commander and one of the most popular heroes in America throughout the war.
America strikes back The U. S. Navy launched the first American offensive attacks in the war against the Japanese, shelling
the Marshall and Gilbert Islands on February 1 and Wake Island on February 24, 1942. U. S. Navy Blasts Marshall Islands Castle Films News Parade First American naval offensive of the war Raid on the Marshall Islands February 1, 1942 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3hmtoPFB3zo Silent film footage https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S1QBaNwHIfU and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_GyId2PILY0 U. S. Navy Attack on Wake Island First Pictures U. S. Movietone News February 24, 1942 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wjXpRvRxG1k and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wjXpRvRxG1k Wake Island Gets a Blasting Movietone News https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BCFRcJhKvVo ------------------------ The Aircraft
Carrier Episode 1 of 6 of the documentary series The Great Ships https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nMfcHiuwBT4 or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NhDouNPf9c8 The Aircraft Carrier at War British documentary
( 1 hr.) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C1s4Ab1rfFE The Aircraft Carrier at War British documentary (56:30) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_RTaHe4mhqY The Aircraft Carrier Episode
from the History Channel documentary series Battle Stations (2002) (45 min.) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ahx49wJijbk Flight
Deck Crews Landing
and Re-Spotting Aircraft Navy (Air) documentary in color (25:07) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bfkwjU8k6W4
The
Battleship Episode from the documentary series The Great Ships https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F_vSw-UfY5A The
Battleship at War British
documentary (56:30) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MJX1xnhYrlg The
Cruisers Episode
of of the documentary series The Great Ships https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3qufAfwqSMk or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iM872ecRP_8 The
Destroyer Episode
from the documentary series Battle Stations https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WVfC-540mNk The Destroyers Episode 4 of 6 of the documentary series The Great Ships https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DuKePp2T78k RADAR operator at his instruments RADAR Episode from the
documentary series Battle Stations https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rDihSC2uAwI The Radioman Fights Radio Operator Training US Navy Training Film 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IQKMwTATmGc US Coast Guard Task Force 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdQ7kVx2VA8 ---------------------
First Aerial
Bombing Raid of Japan of the War The Doolittle Raid The Tokyo Raid April
18, 1942 Sixteen B-25 Mitchell medium bombers, with eighty crewmen, commanded by Lt.-Col.
Jimmy Doolittle, took off from an aircraft carrier, the USS Hornet, flew to Japan and bombed Tokyo, Yokohama, Yokosuka,
Nagoya, Kobe and Osaka. Lt. Col.
James Harold ("Jimmy') Doolittle (1896 - 1993), commanded the Tokyo Raid on 18 April 1942 Jimmy Doolittle Episode
from the documentary series The Greatest Drama (12:41) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a6Tq87M8Rfw Map shows take-off point, the aircraft carrier USS Hornet; the bombing targets in Japan
- Tokyo, Yokohama, Yokosuka, Nagoya, Kobe and Osaka; and the actal landing sites of Chuchow
in China and Vladivostok in the U. S. S. R. The planes were to take off from the USS Hornet when
within 500 nautical miles of Japan. But s Japanese ship spotted the fleet about 650 n. m. out. The Japanese ship sent
a radio warning to Japan. Tne ship was immediately sunk and the planes took ten hours early.
B-25 Mitchell Bomber takes off from the aircraft carrier USS Hornet to
bomb Japan on 18 April 1942 - the first aerial bombing raid of Japan in the war.
Doolittle
Raiders B-25 Launch 1942 Silent Film Footage Castle Films
News Parade
Narrated (09:37) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-yXzYxUC93A or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GZ83Vn9dmTo The above link
uploaded in error as FDR Global Conferences - Teheran - Cairo
Compilation (1943) Without narration, with title inserts (10:00) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=acFsXQDfI74 Jimmy Doolittle Japan Raid B-25 Mitchell Bombers 18 April 1942 (09:54) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nqvZ0gH-r44 The
Doolittle Raid U. S. Air Force
film https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oiHWe6HYWAE The
Doolittle Raid Episode
4 of 6 of the documentary series Air Wars (2002) (49:52) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TBren_dug4A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=km_bu9oaflo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oR6Z_Xtvp2I or, the same: The Amazing Colonel Doolittle Episode from British documentary series Secrets of World War II https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=42jKmnZPvoE
The Extraordinary Story of the Doolittle Raid A Tremendous Drama of Great Personal Courage Lecture by Craig Nelson at the Smithsonian Institute in Washington, D. C. in 2002 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=udTSeor63Wc
General Jimmy Doolittle Interviewhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nlFAk0NAJko
Following
the bombing attacks, fifteen planes flew to the China coast and one flew to the Soviet Union.
The crew of the plane that flew to the U. S. S. R. landed north of Vladivostok and were interned. Eventually they were secretly escorted
by the Soviets to Iran and returned to the U. S. in the following year.
Four
planes crash-landed in China. The crews of eleven planes bailed out. One crewman was killed
while bailing out. Four drowned at sea.
The surviving eight crewmen of two planes were captured by the Japanese and interned. Three were executed. One died in captivity. The remaining four crewmen were liberated by American soliders in August 1945.
After bombing Nagoya one plane flew to China and landed in a rice paddy near Nanchang. The pilot, co-pilot and gunner of the plane were caught by the Japanese and taken to Tokyo. They were sentenced to death. The pilot and gunner were executed. The co-pilot was repreived and spent forty months as a prisoner, thirty-eight months in solitary confinement, in China. He was rescued by American soldiers in August 1945, after the Japanese surrender. In the above photo, the co-pilot, blindfolded, is escorted off a plane by Japanese soldiers in Tokyo shortly after his capture.
Madame Chiang awards medal to Jimmy Doolittle in China.
Madame Chiang honors
the Tokyo Raiders Madame
Chiang Kai Shek Honours Tokyo Raiders British Pathé newsreel
Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo
1944 Hollywood movie with Spencer Tracy Original advertisement (1944): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9z_Wk8Dz2n8 Entire movie (2:18:14): https://archive.org/details/ThirtySecondsOverTokyoNtsc# Short excerpts: First meeting https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MrxfFV8ycBY Announcing the mission https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C4Jb0tpiMWU Take-offs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-AFt_SiMz8o Approaching Japan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_GeB0o3NGe0 Bombing Japan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=octuIL2g_JY There were questions about the raid.One, it took aircraft carriers away from the anticipated confronttion with the Japanese in the Coral Sea (Battle of the Coral Sea), where they might have made a difference;two. the Japanese killed thousands of Chinese (up to 10,000 or more) in their search for the raiders; andthree, the raid did very little damage to Japan.But the raid raised the morale of Americans at home and this was considered more important.The Pacific: War BeginsEpisode 1 of Volume 6 of World War II: Walter Cronkite on CBS (1982) (1:33:13) 1. Japanese spy in Pearl Harbor 2. Singapore 3. Philippines Independence 4. Doolittle Raid https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGxm2LXfTOg or
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFHRDvrTgWs
The B-25
The B-25 Mictchell medium bomber, built in 1940 for the U. S. Army Air Corps. It was used also by the British and the Soviets. Used first in the Second Battle of El Alemein in 1941 and for the the rest of the Allied campaign in North Africa. It was used in Sicily, Italy, Austria and the Balkans. The British used it to bomb northern Europe until mid-1944. Used mostly in the Pacific War, often as a short and medium-distance bomber and also as a low-level bomber and strafer. It was used in the Aleutian Islands, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, New Britain, China, Burma, Indochina, Saipan, Guam, Tinian, the Marshall Islands, the Philippines, Formosa and the Japanese home island of Kyushu. The B-25 was named after Billy Mitchell.
Brigadier-General William Mitchell (1879 - 1936) Mitchell was an early advocate of the bomber. In 1924 he warned of an eventual Japanese aerial attack on Pearl Harbor.
Billy Mitchell Episode from the documentary series Legends of Air Power (22:32) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M_QkIRY01n8
How to Fly the B-25 1944 U. S. Government/Navy training film
------------------
----------------------------- Map shows area controlled by the Japanese in 1942, including
its recent acquisition of all of Southeast Asia, northern New Guinea, the northern Solomon Islands, Guam, the Gilbert Islands
and Wake Island. A similar map The strike to the south would be the first
of the three missions. Its objective: capture the capital of New Guinea, Port Moresby (MO). -----------------------------------
Battle of the Coral Sea May 4 - 8, 1942 Australia saved from Japanese invasion
USS Lexington in October 1941 photo
USS Lexington, lost in the Battle of the Coral Sea USS Lexington explodes on 8 May 1942 End of the USS Lexington
Pathé Gazette
Sinking of US Aircraft Carrier
Lexington Pathé Gazette https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cJJuDkzM6uc USS Lexington Burning Film footage 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8GPKwdWVrJ4 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ytpWLU_vAK4 USS Yorktown (CV-5) in the Battle
of the Coral Sea, sunk later in the Battle of Midway
The Aircraft Carriers
Episode 1 of The Great Ships documentary series https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PndJEX6a1Z4&feature=relmfu
Wings
over Water Documentary about the history
of the British Royal Naval Air Force in early WW2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=StILWD_DgH0
Aircraft Carrier Episode from the BIG BIGGER BIGGEST
documentary series https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W9CsboBJq6M&feature=related The Pacific in Eruption Excerpt from the series War in the Pacific Coral Sea https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQaMzKwrX-Q or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQaMzKwrX-Q&feature=related The
Battle of the Coral Sea US
Navy Training Film (1950) Part
1. First Phase Japanese
capture Tulagi May 1 - 1632 May 4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7d2HbbZOKLU Part
2. Second Phase One Japanese carrier
sunk off Masima 1632
May 4 - 2400 May 7 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=66MvGHJx9zg Part 3. Third Phase One US carrier lost 2400 May 7 - 0600 May 11 Japanese abandon naval invasion plan of Port Moresby
The Battle for the Coral Sea John Lundstrom, author National WW2 Museum, New Orleans (2011) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cbtFBZxTqE The
USS Lexington at the Battle of the Coral Sea Lecture
by Vincent Anderson Uploaded
2013 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wrWkh5rV04c Wreckage
of the USS Lexington Found Matrch 4, 2018 Uploaded by Stars
and Stripes March 5, 2018 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=okTr8P2XqJw The Japanese operation
to take Port Moresby by sea (Operation MO) was checked by the U. S. Navy. The Japanese now tried
to take Port Moresby by going overland, from Buna on the north coast of Papua on the Solonmon Sea, south across
the island by the Kakota Trail, over the Owen Stanley Mountains and through jungle, to Port Moresby on the south coast. Japs
invade Aleutian Islands, Alaska June 3,
1942 June 1942 newspaper
The
Battle of Midway June 4 - 7, 1942 Map
of the Battles of the Aleutians and Midway. Japanese and American plans. Map
of the Battles of the Aleutians and Midway. The battles. The U. S. claimed the uninhabited
Midway Atoll in 1867. It was administered by the U. S. navy. As the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor
on December 7, 1941, two Japanese destroyers shelled Midway Atoll but could not land soldiers to take it. A Japanese submarine shelled
Midway in February 1942. The Japanese attacked the Aleutian Islands
on June 3, 1942, to divert American forces from the central Pacific, and attacked Midway Atoll on the following day. In the battle, the Americans sank
four Japanese aircraft carriers and destroyed hundreds of Japanese planes. The Japanese withdrew. Midway Atoll in 1942 Midway
atoll today Source: Honolulu Star-Bulletin Two Japanese aircraft carriers,
IJN Soryu and IJN Akagi, knocked out of action by American planes. The IJN Hiryu, the last
of four Japanese aircraft carriers fatally struck at the Battle of Midway, burning before sinking on 5 June. Image by
Jonathan Parshall Four Japanese aircraft carriers
were sunk by American planes at the Battle of Midway. The
Battle of Midway Excerpt from lecture by Mark Stoler
from the course Turning Points in American History from The Great Courses https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iAyz6vuiCys
Documentary
(22:04) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rRM7ukUi12c Episode from
the documentary series Battlefield (1:54:48) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KydjWhCB4eY Or in 2 parts: 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pPUzKNX7Njg(55.17) 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-I16q7Iit48 (59:32)
Battle of Midway Documentary Includes
footage of the post-war search for the USS Yorktown 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sKXVTZo6gIg 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VRmAfPCvn6E
The
Battle of Midway Episode
from the BBC documentary series 20th Century Battlefields with Peter and Dan Snow (2007) (58:56) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6op2Z9AURJ0 or in 6
clips: 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VGnBaMR35-E 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rVcuAUxmpsY 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHC_4SVTiSk 4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QmXJqKAfaPo 5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FQRmErEibWI 6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DuozLnCbNI
Midway
Episode
from the documentary series Generals at War (Commanders at War) (2008) (47:46) Admiral Chuichi
Nagumo vs Admiral Jack Fletcher
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o0xwOVlxQZc
Episode
from the Battlefront documentary series American and Japanese pilots recall
the battle https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SKYFAPxNV1U or in 3 clips 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JDJv_W5cO40 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xk2WZX5_Ywk 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=725R3Po99JM
Aircraft
carriers won the Battles of the Coral Sea and Midway, not the battleships and destroyers - a historic first
"Hook Down, Wheels Down" History of the Aircraft Carrier Documentary by the US Navy (1970s) Episode 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=32cimqiXAE8&feature=related Episode 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qkH4zjfwY90&feature=relmfu
Advertisement for 1976 Hollywood
movie https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WjofsqGsDvY
Japanese
attack Australian ports Map of Australia Map of Japanese attacks from 1942 - 1944 Japanese midget
submarines attack Sydney Harbor 31 May - 1 June 1942 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dcy1vM1EGoE&feature=related He's
Coming South Documentary
film of the Japanese attack on Sydney Harbor, Australia, 31 May - 1 June 1942 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GIK8zQG73KM Inside
the Japanese Sub Sydney
Harbour Attacked On Sunday Night https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uz3hODNrnKk
Japanese
submarine shells Newcastle June 8,
1942 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vg7hscNfrqU Japanese
attack Australia https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qj-bAJgwej4
Australia
at War Japanese Attacks
on Australia WW2 Darwin repeatedly
bombed, Newcastle, Sydney . . . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AzMWwB4AJr4
---------------------------------
Japanese
plane launched from sub bombs Oregon September
9 and 29, 1942 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zdt8g57FQ38&feature=related
Continue to next page, 26. Defeating the Axis in Europe and Africa
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_burning_after_the_Japanese_attack_on_Pearl_Harbor_-_NARA_195617_-_Edit.jpg/220px-The_USS_Arizona_(BB-39)_burning_after_the_Japanese_attack_on_Pearl_Harbor_-_NARA_195617_-_Edit.jpg)
_during_the_Battle_of_the_Coral_Sea,_April_1942.jpg)
